Class XII 12th Physics Project for 2009 Exams !

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Using a Laser Pointer to Measure the Data Track Spacing on CDs and DVDs

Investigating the ‘Mpemba Effect’: Can Hot Water Freeze Faster than Cold Water?

Simple Harmonic Motion in a Spring-Mass System*

Distance and Constant Acceleration

Going the Distance: Launch Angles & Projectile Trajectory

Measuring the Surface Tension of Water

How Does Color Affect Heating by Absorption of Light?

The Joly Photometer: Measuring Light Intensity Using the Inverse Square Law

Solid Motor Rocket Propulsion

How the Strength of a Magnet Varies with Temperature*

What’s the Fastest Way to Cool a Soda?

Build a Motorboat Powered by Surface Tension

Dark energy Dominates the Universe

“How Space Shuttles Works”

DETERMINE THE MASS OF ALUM CRYSTALS

INTRODUCTION

Aluminium because of its low density, high tensile strength and resistance to corrosion is widely used for the manufacture of airplanes, automobiles, lawn furniture as well as for aluminium cans. Being good conductor of electricity, it is also used for transmission of electricity. Aluminium foil is used for wrapping cigarettes, confectionery items, etc. Aluminium is also used for making utensils. The recycling of aluminium cans and other aluminium products is a very positive contribution to saving our natural resources. Most of the recycled aluminium is melted and recast into other aluminium metal products or used in the production of various aluminium compounds, the most common of which are the alums. Alums are double sulphates having general formula X₂SO₄.M₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O where,

X = monovalent cation such as Na⁺, K⁺, NH⁴⁺, etc.

M = trivalent cation such as Al⁺³, Cr⁺³, Fe⁺³, etc.

Some important alums and their names are given below:

Potash Alum: K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O

Soda Alum Na₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O

Chrome Alum K₂SO₄.Cr₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O

Ferric Alum (NH₄)₂SO₄.Fe₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O

Alums are isomorphous crystalline solids, which are soluble in water. Potash alum is used in paper making, in fire extinguisher, in foodstuffs and in purification of water. Soda alum is used in baking powders and chrome alum is used in tanning leather and waterproofing fabrics. Ferric alum is used in antiseptics. The shape of a potash alum crystal is octahedral.

REQUIREMENTS

Apparatus:

• Conical flasks
• Filter paper
• Piece of aluminium foil
• Burner
• Funnel

Chemicals:

• Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)
• Sulphuric Acid (H₂SO₄)
• Ethanol (C₂H₅OH)

THEORY

1. Aluminium metal is treated with hot aqueous KOH solution. Aluminium dissolves as potassium aluminate, KAl(OH)₄, salt.

2Al(s) + 2KOH(aq) + 6H₂O(l) -> 2KAl(OH)₄(aq) + 3H₂(g)

2. Potassium aluminate solution on treatment with dil. sulphuric acid first gives ppt. of Al(OH)₃, which dissolves on addition of small excess of H₂SO₄ and heating.

2KAl(OH)₄(aq) + H₂SO₄(aq) -> 2Al(OH)₃(s) + K₂SO₄(aq) + 2H₂O(l)

2Al(OH)₃(s) + 3H₂SO₄(aq) -> Al₂(SO₄)₃(aq) + 6H₂O(l)

3. The resulting solution is concentrated to near saturation and cooled. On cooling crystals of potash alum crystallize out.

K₂SO₄(aq) + Al₂(SO₄)₃(aq) + 24H₂O(l) ->K₂SO₄.Al₂(SO₄)₃.24H₂O(s)

PROCEDURE

1. Prepare 50ml of 4M KOH solution.

2. Add small pieces of aluminium foil (about 1 gm) in the conical flask containing the KOH solution. Since during this step hydrogen gas is evolved, this step must be done in a well-ventilated area.

3. After all of aluminium has reacted, filter the solution to remove any insoluble impurities.

4. Allow the filtrate to cool. Now add slowly conc. H₂SO₄ until insoluble Al(OH)₃ just forms in the solution

5. Gently heat the mixture until the Al(OH)₃ ppt. dissolves. Leave the solution overnight for the crystallization to continue.

6. Take out the crystals and wash them with 50/50 ethanol-water mixture.

7. Determine the mass of the alum crystals.

OBSERVATIONS

Mass of aluminium metal = 1 gm

Mass of potash alum = 13 gm

Colour = White

Shape of crystals = Octahedral

PRECAUTIONS

1. A few drops of conc. sulphuric acid should be added while preparing saturated solution of aluminium sulphate to prevent its hydrolysis.

2. Aluminium sulphate solution should be clear and not turbid.

3. Cool the conc. solution slowly to get large crystals. Rapid disturbance of solution may change the shape, size and quantity of the crystals.

4. Conc. solution should be cooled undisturbed. A slight disturbance of solution may change the shape, size.

TO STUDY THE RATE OF EVAPORATION OF DIFFERENT LIQUIDS

INTRODUCTION

When a liquid is placed in an open vessel, it slowly escapes into gas phase, eventually leaving the vessel empty. This phenomenon is known as evaporation. Evaporation of liquids can be explained in terms of kinetic molecular model. Although there are strong inter-molecular attractive forces which hold molecules of a liquid together, the molecules having sufficient kinetic energy can escape into gas phase if such molecules happen to come near the surface. In a sample of liquid all the molecules do not have same kinetic energy. There is a small fraction of molecules which have enough kinetic energy to overcome the attractive forces and escape into gas phase.

Evaporation causes cooling. This is due to the reason that the molecules, which undergo evaporation, are high-energy molecules; therefore the kinetic energy of molecules which are left behind is less. Since the remaining molecules have lower average kinetic energy therefore, temperature must be lower. If the temperature is kept constant the remaining liquid will have the same distribution of molecular kinetic energies and the high-energy molecule will keep on escaping from the liquid into the gas phase. If the liquid is taken in an open vessel, evaporation will continue until whole of the liquid evaporates.

REQUIREMENTS

Apparatus:

• Three petridishes of diameter 10 cm with covers
• 10 ml pipette

• Stop watch

Chemicals:

• Acetone
• Benzene
• Chloroform

PROCEDURE

• Clean and dry the petridishes and mark them as A, B, C.
• Pipette out 10 ml of acetone to petridish A and cover it.
• Pipette out 10 ml of benzene in petridish B and cover it.
• Pipette out 10 ml of chloroform in petridish C and cover it.
• Uncover all the three petridishes simultaneously and start the stop-watch.
• Note the respective time when the liquids evaporate completely from each petridish.

OBSERVATIONS

Petridish Mark	Liquid Taken	Time taken for complete evaporation
A	Acetone	53 min
B	Benzene	42 min
C	Chloroform	30 min

CONCLUSION

The rate of evaporation of the given three liquids is in the order:

Chloroform > Benzene > Acetone

ANALYSIS OF VEGETABLES AND FRUIT JUICES

AIM

To analyse some fruits & vegetables juice for the contents present in them.

INTRODUCTION

Fruits and vegetable are always a part of balanced diet. That means fruits vegetables provide our body the essential nutrients, i.e. Carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and minerals. Again their presence in these is being indicated by some of our general observations, like -freshly cut apples become reddish black after some time. Explanation for it is that iron present in apple gets oxidixed to iron oxide. So, we can conclude that fruits and vegetables contain complex organic compounds, for e.g., anthocin, chlorophyll, esters(flavouring compounds), carbohydrates, vitamins and can be tested in any fruits or vegetable by extracting out its juice and then subtracting it to various tests which are for detection of different classes of organic compounds. Detection of minerals in vegetables or fruits means detection of elements other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

MATERIAL REQUIRED

• Test Tubes
• Burner
• Litmus paper
• Laboratory reagents
• Various fruits
• Vegetables juices

CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS

• pH indicator
• Iodine solution
• Fehling solution A and Fehling solution B
• Ammonium chloride solution
• Ammonium hvdroxide
• Ammonium oxalate
• Potassium sulphocynaide solution

PROCEDURE

The juices are made dilute by adding distilled water to it, in order to remove colour and to make it colourless so that colour change can be easily watched and noted down. Now test for food components are taken down with the solution.

TEST, OBSERVATION & INFERENCE

Test	Observation	Inference
ORANGE TEST:
Test for acidity:
Take 5ml of orange juice in a test tube and dip a pH paper in it. If pH is less than 7 the juice is acidic else the juice is basic.	The pH comes out to be 6.	Orange juice is acidic.
Test for Startch:
Take 2 ml of juice in a test tube and add few drops of iodine solution. It turns blue black in colour than the starch is present.	Absence of blue black in colour.	Orange juice is acidic.
Test for Carbohydrates (FEHLING’S TEST):
Take 2 ml of juice and 1 ml of fehling solution A & B and boil it. Red precipitates indicates the presence of producing sugar like maltose, glucose , fructose & Lactose.	No red coloured precipitates obtained.	Carbohydrates absent.
Test for Iron:
Take 2 ml of juice add drop of conc. Nitric acid. Boil the solution cool and add 2-3 drops of potassium sulphocyanide solution .Blood red colours shows the presence of iron.	Absence of blood red colour.	Iron is absent.
Test for Calcium:
Take 2 ml of juice add Ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide solution. Filter the solution and to the filterate add 2 ml of Ammonium Oxalate solution. white ppt or milkiness indicates the presence of calcium.	Yellow precipitate is obtained.	Calcium is present.

CONCLUSION

From the table given behind it can be conducted that most of the fruits & vegetable contain carbohydrate & vegetable contain carbohydrate to a small extent. Proteins are present in small quantity. Therefore one must not only depend on fruits and vegetables for a balance diet.

Career Guidelines : Career in Mass Communication

By Navi Arora

Mass communication has emerged as a viable career option for a large number youngsters in the recent years and the competition to get a seat in the top 10 mass communication institutes in India is very high. But where are these best mass communication institutes that are attracting the talented ones?
Mass Communication means communicating to the masses, relaying the information to the masses through different modes. The choice of the media selected for broadcasting the message is very important. The chosen media should have the ability to put the point in front of a large section of society instead of catering to just one individual, simply speaking it must have mass appeal The information to be relayed can take different forms. It can be purely newsy or entertaining. It can also take the form of infotainment.
Mass communication covers a wide area, comprising of closely related fields of advertisement, communication and public relations. Almost all kinds of establishments whether business, government or political are availing of services, offered by these industries, therefore an encouraging sign for those looking ahead to making a career in mass communication.

Mass communication is a vast field covering many areas under it. Some of these are discussed under the following.

1. PRINT JOURNALISM
2. ELECTRONIC JOURNALISM
3. FILM INDUSTRY
4. ADVERTISING
5. PUBLIC RELATIONS

Mass communication Institutes in Delhi:

1. Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies
(Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University)
25, Shivaji Marg ( Business Park), New Delhi-110015
Phone: 011-25928101/125
Fax: +91 (11)25928789
Website: www.vips.edu
Course: Bachelor of Journalism and Mass Communication (BJMC) – a 3 year degree programme

2. Indraprastha College
New Delhi
Course: Degree Course in Mass Media and Mass Communication (B.M.M.M.C)

3. Kamala Nehru College
Siri Fort Road
New Delhi – 110049
Phone: 011-26494881
E-Mail: contact@kamalanehrucollege.org
Website: www.kamalanehrucollege.org
Course: B.A. (Hons.) Journalism

4. Lady Shri Ram College for Women
Lajpat Nagar-IV, New Delhi 110024 India
Phones: 91-11-26434459, 26460400, 26460434
Fax: 91-11-26216951
E-Mail: lsrc@vsnl.com
Website: www.lsrcollege.org
Course: B.A. (Hons.) Journalism

5. Delhi College of Arts and Commerce
Netaji Nagar, New Delhi-110023.
Phone: 24109821, 26116333, Fax: 24112923
Website: www.dcac.du.ac.in

6. Institute of Journalism
A-3, Lajpat Nagar-II, New Delhi – 110024
Course: 6 months Certificate Course in Journalism

7. Bharatiya Vidya Bhawan
Kasturba Gandhi Marg, New Delhi – 110001
Ph: + 91 – 11 -23386617 / 23389942 / 23070195 / 23070911
Fax: + 91 – 11 – 23382003
E-Mail: info@bvbdelhi.org
Website: www.bvbdelhi.org

8. International Institute of Mass Media
H-15, South Extension 1, New Delhi – 110049

9. Sri Aurobindo Institute of Mass Communication
(A Unit of Sri Aurobindo Society, Pondicherry)
Sri Aurobindo Society, New Mehrauli Road, Adchini, New Delhi – 110 017
Phone: 91-011-26561986/ 2652 9022 (Extn: 33, 35)
Fax: 91-011- 2656 5470
Email: info@saimc.com
Website: www.saimc.com
Course: Journalism, Advertising and Public Relations, Direction and Production Planning, Video Camera and Lighting, Video Editing, Creative Professional Photography, Self Development, New/ Short Term Courses

10. Drama Cine Link
M – 161/1, G.L. House, Yusuf Sarai Commercial Complex, New Delhi – 110049
Course: Diploma (TV Journalism)

11. A.J.Kidwai Mass Communication Research Centre
Jamia Millia Islamia
Jamia Nagar, New Delhi – 110025
Ph: +91 (11) 26987285, 26982263, 26986812, and 26987285
Website: http://jmi.nic.in/OtherInstitutes/MCRC.htm
Courses:
Diploma in Mass Media and Creative Writing
P.G. Diploma in TV Journalism
PhD in Mass Communication

12. Indian Institute of Mass Communication (IIMC)
JNU new campus, Aruna Asif Ali Marg,
New Delhi – 110067, India.
Phone: 26160940/60
Fax: 91-0112610 7462
Website: www.iimc.nic.in
Course: Post-graduate Diploma Course in:
Journalism [English / Hindi / Radio & Television / Oriya]
Advertising & Public Relations

13. Headline Institute of Journalism and Mass Communication
A-11, Kailash Colony, New Delhi – 110048
Course:PG Diploma (Journalism)

14. Amity School of Communication
Amity Noida Campus
Sector – 44
Noida – 201303 (U.P.)
Tel. 1800-11-00-00 (Toll-Free)
Amity University Uttar Pradesh (AUUP) Campus
Sector – 125
Noida – 201303
Tel. 1800-11-00-00 (Toll-Free)
Website: http://www.amity.edu/asco/programs/graduate/bmc/g_bmc.asp
Course (s):
* Post Graduate Diploma in Journalism & Communication
* Bachelor of Mass Communication

15. Jagannath Institute of Communication and Design
OCF, Pocket-9, Sector-B, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi.
Ph: 26134201 – 02 – 03
E-Mail: mailto:/jnims@vsnl.com
Website: www.jagannath.org
Course: BJMC (Bachelor of Journalism and Mass Communication)

16. Dateline School of Journalism
21/22 Northend Complex, Ramakrishna Ashram Marg, New Delhi.

17. Pioneer Media School
6, Todarmal Lane
Bengali Market
New Delhi – 110 001
Phone: 51015441, 43
Mobile: 9818555000, 9818555666
Fax: 23755275
Email: pmsdel@dailypioneer.com
Website: www.pioneermediaschool.com
Courses:
Post Graduate Diploma in Journalism (PGDJ)
Post Graduate Diploma in Corporate Communication and Event Management (PGDCE)
Post Graduate Diploma in TV Direction and Production (PGDTP)
Certificate Course in Radio and Television Production (CRTP)
Bachelor of Journalism (BJ)

18. School of Convergence
A – 104, Sector 63, Noida
Tel: +91-120-4245491/92/93
Mobile: 9818101580

Education Campus:
F1 Sector 50, Noida 201301
Mobile: 9818101580

E-mail: info@schoolofconvergence.com
Website: http://schoolofconvergence.com/
Courses and Training
Long Term Courses:
1. Post Graduate Diploma in Content Creation and Management
2. Post Graduate Diploma in Advertising and Public Relations
3. Two year MMS programme (Master of Media Studies (MBA level)
4. Three year Undergraduate (BA level)

19. Times Centre for Media Studies
10-Daryaganj, New Delhi – 110023
Course: Post Graduate Diploma in Journalism

20. Foundation Institute for Learning Media
D-48, Kalka ji, New Delhi – 110019 India
Phone: 91-11-26221893, 26221844, 26442561, 26219783, 26218218
Fax: 91-11-26436236
E-Mail: shelly@del2.vsnl.net.in
Website: www.filminstituteindia.com
Course: TV Journalism

21. Fortune Institute of Communication and Television
G-17D, South Extension Part II,
New Delhi- 110049.
Phone: 011-26266629 / 6997.
Fax: 26266630
E-Mail:fict@fictindia.com
Website: www.fictindia.com
Courses:
Advanced Diploma in Television Production (Duration: One Year)
Advanced Diploma in Television Journalism,
Presentation and News casting (Duration: One Year)
Advanced Diploma in Diploma in Television Direction, Scriptwriting and Production (Duration: One Year)
Advanced Diploma in Advertising & PR (Duration: One Year)
Twin Graduate Programme in Electronic Media (Duration: Three Years)

22. MassCoMedia
A 94-3, Sector 58Noida – 201 301, U.P., India
Call: 0120 2519000, 9811302082, 9910722272
Fax: 0120 2589842, Delhi Callers: 95-120-2519000
Admissions: admit@masscomedia.com
All else: info@masscomedia.com
Website: http://masscomedia.com/
Course (s):
* Bachelor of Arts in Media and Communication (3 yr degree program in
partnership with Deakin University, Australia)
* Bachelor of Journalism and Mass Communication (UGC recognized Indian University)
* Master of Journalism and Mass Communication (UGC recognized Indian University)
* Master Program in TV Production, Direction and Broadcast Journalism
* Diploma in Broadcast Journalism and TV Production
* Diploma in Animation, Gaming, and Special Effects
* Master Program in Advertising, PR and Marketing
* PG Diploma in Event Management and PR
* Diploma in Event Management and PR
* Diploma in Professional Photography and Digital Imaging
* Diploma in Character Animation & Gaming
* Diploma in Corporate PR (for working professionals)
* Few short-term courses are also offered.

23. Apeejay Institute of Mass Communication
Sector-8, Dwarka, New Delhi – 110075
Ph.: 011-25364523, 25363979-81
Telefax: 011-25367821
Email: aimc.del@apj.edu
Website: www.apeejay.edu
Courses:

1. M.A. in Mass Communication, affiliated with UGC recognized University
2. PG Diploma in Advertising & Marketing communication
3. PG Diploma in Public Relations & Event Management
4. PG Diploma in Television & Radio Production with specialization in:

i. Broadcast Journalism / News Reading / Anchoring
ii. Video Editing

24. Mass Communication Research Centre (MCRC), Jamia Millia Islamia
Contact information:
AJK Mass Communication Research Centre
Jamia Millia Islamia University
Maulana Mohammed Ali Jauhar Marg
New Delhi -110 025
Phone: +91 11 2698 7285, +91 11 2698 6812, +91 11 2698 6813
Fax: +91 11 2698 6811
Email: contact@ajkmcrc.org
Website: www.ajkmcrc.org

25.National Institutes of advertising, New Delhi
offers Two Year Post Graduate Diploma in Marketing Communications Management (PGDMCM) -Full Time and Two Year Post Graduate Diploma in Advertising and Communications.
Contact information:
NiA Campus
9, Institutional Area, Lodhi Road
New Delhi-110003
Phone: 91- 11- 656 564 90/91/92, 9871565565
Email: admissions@niaindia.org
Website: www.niaindia.org

26. Wigan & Leigh College
New Delhi
Contact information:
1001-1005,
Ansal Tower,
38, Nehru Place ,
New Delhi 110019
Phone No: 011-41617053/4/5/6, 9818479333
Email: delhi@wiganindia.org
Website: www.wiganindia.org

27. Bharatiya Vidya Bhawan
Kasturba Gandhi Marg, New Delhi – 110001
Ph: + 91 – 11 -23386617 / 23389942 / 23070195 / 23070911
Fax: + 91 – 11 – 23382003
E-Mail: info@bvbdelhi.org
Website: www.bvbdelhi.org

28. University of Delhi
Contact Information:
University Road, Delhi 110 00
Phone South Campus: 011-24119832
Phone North Campus: 011-2766709, 27667011, 27667190
Fax: 011-27667049
Website: www.du.ac.in

29. Academy 18 networks Ltd
Contact Information:
Studio 18, India Pvt. Ltd,8,
Balaji Estate,
Guru Ravi Das Marg, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019
Ph 26225901-06

30. YMCA Centre for Mass Media
Contact Information:
Jai Singh Road, New Delhi-110001
Telephone: 0091-11-23361915, 3746668
Fax: 0091-11-23746035
E-mail: ymcand@del3.vsnl.net.in
Website: www.newdelhiymca.org

31. South Delhi Polytechnic for Women
Contact Information:Lajpat Nagar- IV, New Delhi – 110024
Phones (Office): 26294833, 26294836, 26482298
Fax No. : 011-26474425
E-mail: polytech@nda.vsnl.net.in
www.polytechnic-sdpw.com

32. International Institute Of Mass Media,
Contact Information:
International Institute of Mass Media B-50,
South Extension – I,New Delhi – 110049
Phone: 011-2465 4512, 2465 4514, 2462 6660
Fax: 011-2462 6670
E-mail: coordinator@iimmdelhi.com
Website: www.iimmdelhi.com

33. Center for Research in Art of Film and Television (CRAFT)
Siri Fort College, Plot no-8, Rohini Institutional area
Sec-25, Near Rithala Metro Station
New Delhi.110085
Tel: 011-27933500 /600 /700
E-mail: info@log2craft.org
Website: www.log2craft.org

Admission Information of ITI Institutes, Delhi

By Navi arora | July 8, 2008

Admission information about various Engg. and Non Engg. trades in ITI Institutes of Delhi

ADDRESS OF ADMISSION CENTRES

1. Industrial Training Institute, Arab-Ki-Sarai, Nizamuddin, New Delhi-110 013.
All One-Year Engineering Trades (For all Co-educational ITIs/BTC)

2. Industrial Training Institute Jahangir Puri, Delhi- 110 033
All Two Year Engineering Trades having eligible qualification of non-Science subjects (For all Co-educational ITI’s/BTC)

3. Industrial Training Institute, Pusa, New Delhi – 110 012.
All Two/Three Years Engineering Trades having eligible qualification as Maths & Science as subjects (For All Co-educational ITIs/BTC) and Centre of Excellence (CoE) at ITI Pusa in Automobile Sector, ITI Arab-Ki-Sarai in Production and Manufacturing Sector and Sir C.V.Raman ITI, Dheerpur in Electrical Sector.

4. Industrial Training Institute Jail Road, Opposite Tihar Jail, New Delhi- 110 064
Admission for Extension Centre of ITI Jail Road, Hastsal (For Women only)

5. Jija Bai Industrial Training Institute, Khel Gaon Road, Siri Fort, New Delhi – 110 049
All admissions to the Women Institutes (ITI Siri Fort, ITI Gokhale Road, Tilak Nagar & Vivek Vihar.

6. Veer Savarkar Basic Training Centre, Pusa, New Delhi-110 012.
All One Year Non-Engineering Trades (For all Co-educational ITI’s/BTC)

SALE OF PROSPECTUS

ADMISSION FORMS FROM ANY ITI IN DELHI/ NEW DELHI

Prospectus alongwith Application Forms giving full details of courses/trades in each ITI, their duration and admission qualifications and Annexure to be attached with form can be obtained from any ITI against cash payment of Rs.50/- and loose Application Form for Rs. 20/- from 1 July, 2008 to 23 July, 2008 on all working days (Monday to Friday) from 10.00 a.m. to 4.00 p.m.

By post: Prospectus alongwith Application Form can be obtained by post on payment of Rs.50/- in the form of Indian Postal Order in favour of DDO of any ITI payable at Delhi/New Delhi alongwith a self addressed envelope of 10×12 inches with postage stamp of Rs.60/- for registered post or Rs.40/- for ordinary post affixed thereon. Loose Application Form can also be obtained by post on payment of Rs.70/- per form in the form of Indian Postal Order in favour of DDO of any ITI payable at Delhi/New Delhi alongwith self addressed envelope of 4 ½ x 10 ½ inches with postage stamp of Rs.22/- for registered post or Rs.5/- for ordinary post affixed thereon. Request by post must reach
the concerned ITI latest by 16.07.2008.

The Department/Institute will not be responsible for delay, loss or damage, if any, during the transit
of the prospectus/loose form.
From Internet: Application Form can also be downloaded from Internet web site: http://tte.delhigovt.nic.in Wesbsite Form Registration fees Rs. 70/-

SUBMISSION OF APPLICATION FORM IN ADMISSION CENTRES

Application Form complete in all respect along with self attested documents & with registration fees of Rs. 50/-* (Rs.70/-* if the form is down loaded from internet) by cash payment, should be submitted in person to the admission centers latest by 4.00 p.m. on or before 23. 7. 2008.

By Post: Application form complete in all respects along with self attested documents can be submitted by post, which should be accompanied by Indian Postal Order of Rs.50/-* (Rs.70/-* if the form is down loaded from internet), drawn in favour of concerned DDO of the following Admission Centers.

LAST DATE
The Application Form duly filled along with self attested copies of the requisite documents shall be submitted/shall reach to the admission centers as indicated above, before or on the closing date upto 4.00 p.m. on 23.07.2008.

For more information Log on to :
http://tte.delhigovt.nic.in/

Delhi University : BA/BSc (H) Math Syllabus to be merged

By Navi arora | July 11, 2008

For the first time in 17 years, the undergraduate Math syllabus of Delhi University will be discussed in an Academic Council (AC) meeting to be held on July 12. The move comes after DU’s Standing Committee on Academic Affairs gave the go ahead for the controversial revised Math syllabus for BA/BSc (H) students, thus clearing the path for its smooth passage in the AC meeting.

The revised syllabus, however— which will do away with BA/BSc (H) Math and give a singular BSc degree—would be implemented from the next academic session.

“Since admissions to both BA and BSc Honours Math have taken place under different cut-offs, it is not legally possible to merge the two now. Moreover, teachers will need time to prepare for the new syllabus, that has integrated computer software such as Matlab, Mathematica and Maple,” said a member of the Standing Committee on conditions of anonymity.

Architects of the revised syllabus have maintained the revisions will make DU’s Math course market friendly and students will easily find jobs. “Moreover, the software will help students visualise the problem with the help of 3D illustrations of figures,” said Geeta Venkataraman, Reader of Math at St Stephen’s College and a member of the Empowered Committee set up to look into the revision.

DU Admission : Fifth hope for students

By Navi arora | July 17, 2008

Even though Delhi University (DU) kick-started its new academic session today, some colleges have still not been able to fill up the general category seats and have issued a Fifth Cut-off List.

Colleges including Hindu, Ramjas, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya (DDU), Satyawati and Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for Women have announced a fifth cut-off list.

Surprisingly, at the end of it all, the most coveted and hard-to-get courses like BCom (Hons) and economics (Hons) still have seats to offer even in some campus colleges. For instance, Ramjas that had closed admissions for economics (Hons) after the second list, now has six seats lying vacant besides nine in BSc (Hons) Maths and four in English (Hons) in the general category.

“We had declared economics (Hons) closed earlier, but when Hans Raj and SRCC lowered their cut-offs, many of our students started withdrawing. Economics (Hons) was open in the fourth list, but by then students seemed to have settled down,” According to Rajendra Prasad, principal, Ramjas College.

Though the college has not released a fifth list, it plans to advertise for its vacant seats soon. Even Daulat Ram is suffering from withdrawal pangs. Until the last day of admissions for fourth list, there had been 162 total withdrawals across all courses with 27 in BCom (H) alone. Besides, 23 students withdrew from the BA Programme, 16 from economics (H), 15 from political science (H) and 14 from English(H).

The college has decided not to come up with a fifth list. “But every department has been asked to hold a meeting on July 18 to decide the required marks after which a waiting list will be put up,” said Ira Pandit, spokesperson, Daulat Ram.

Meanwhile, a declining interest in science was again evident this year with some colleges opening admissions only for science courses. DDU has a fifth list for Physical Science and Life Science in the general category at 55% and 59% respectively and the admissions are open on July 16 and 17.

Satyawati College has opened admissions on the first come first serve basis in all courses except Hindi, Economics and Sanskrit, with the cut-off lowered by about 2%. Hindu has released a fifth cut-off – 82.5-89.5% – for History (H). However, Shaheed Rajguru College managed to fill all its general seats on Tuesday after its fifth list was out.

AIEEE 2009 : Engineering Entrance Examination

By Navi Arora | July 21, 2008

AIEEE is a engineering entrance examination and the students willing to make it to the top notch engineering colleges in indianite is an All India Common Entrance Examination for Admission to undergraduate degree Programs in the field of Engineering, Technology, Pharmacy and Architecture in various colleges in India. The Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India had taken a policy decision to conduct an All India Engineering Entrance Examination in 2002 (AIEEE-2002) with a view to minimize the difficulties being experienced by the candidates and their guardians arising due to a large number of entrance examinations being conducted for admission to undergraduate degree programme in the areas referred above. It is normally conducted in the month of May every year.

AIEEE Top Rankers are called for counseling for admission to National Institute of Technology (NIT’s). All candidates are eligible either for central counseling or state-specific or category-specific counseling on basis of their All India Ranking (AIR). Counseling for SC/ST candidates and SC/ST physically handicapped candidates is done on the first two days of counseling. Then the physically handicapped in the Open (OP) category are counseled. Candidates are ranked on an All India basis and also according to their state. Thus, they have an All India Rank (AIR) and a state rank. A central analysis structure is offered for filling up the accessible seats all over India. For the convenience of candidates, provision for on-line submission of Application Form has also been made.

CBSE Papers : Teacher Training Programmes

By Navi Arora | July 23, 2008

The importance of a good teacher is enormous in a country like India. They play a vital role in the overall development of the students. The importance of teachers is especially enormous in the tender aged students.
The principles of quality apply to teaching as much as they do to anything else. To make something better is to improve its quality. To become a better teacher is to improve your quality as a teacher. Applying the principles of quality results in improved quality. It is as simple as that.

Before the mechanics of teaching, before the actions, comes the attitude. The quality attitude. This is the First Major Principle of quality: Quality is an Attitude. Wanting to be a better teacher is certainly part of that attitude. But wanting something to be better doesn’t make it better, so there is more to this principle. After all, a principle isn’t much of a principle if it doesn’t lead to results.

The actual principle is deeper than desire, even deeper than determination. The quality attitude is very simple, but uncompromising. It is that better is a good direction to go in. It is that staying the same or getting worse are not good directions to go in. Better is where you want to go. Not better is not where you want to go.

If that sounds too simple, take a look around. Many people don’t have this attitude. They are staying the same, or getting worse. And they don’t seem to mind. At least, not enough to do anything about it. They don’t have a quality attitude.

Better is a good direction to go in. This one principle, all by itself, will empower a person. It will give a person strength in the face of obstacles or opposition. It will be a rock to build on. If you can agree with this one principle, really agree, and use it, you will be a better teacher. As I said above, it is not enough to want to be a better teacher. It is necessary to know that being a better teacher is a good direction to go in.

This is only the First of the three Major Principles of Quality, but try it on for size. The next time you have to decide whether to do something the same way or a better way, see if it helps. Like a lesson plan. The way you have been doing lesson plans is comfortable and familiar. Ask yourself if there is a better way. Don’t expect an answer, by the way. Just ask the question. That’s a quality attitude. The answers come from the rest of the principles of quality, and various quality actions. But they all mean nothing without this first Major Principle.

Therefore training the teachers adequately is very important and over the years various institutes providing teacher’s training courses have come up in different parts of the country. The primary teachers and secondary teachers need to take up different teacher’s training courses as the needs of the primary students and the secondary students are different. Thus there are different teacher’s training institutes that offer Diploma in Education (D.E.d), Primary teachers training (PTT), Basic training certificate (BTC) junior basic training (JBT), Bachelor in Education (B.Ed) and other teacher’s training courses.

* Elementary Teacher Educataion

* Basic Teacher Certificate

* Diploma in Education

* Junior Basic Training

* Primary Teachers Training

* Junior Teacher’s Training Certificate

* Physical Teacher Training

* B.Ed Course

* Master Of Education